← Back to the catalog
Public

EcoSIS Canopy spectra of boreal tree species from Alberta potted tree experiment (reflectance)

ecosis · NIR

EcoSIS Canopy spectra of boreal tree species from Alberta potted tree experiment (reflectance). v2.0 standardized NIRS package: 1 spectral source(s), 3 declared target(s). Auto-generated from dataset_card.json (verify before publication).

nirv2ecosis
2,550
samples
781
wavelengths
1
sources
3
targets
27
metadata
NIR
family

Dataset property explorer

Mean profile risk0.63
Highest axisArtefacts locaux · 1.00
Diagnostics8
Sources profiled1
EcoSIS Canopy spectra of boreal tree species from Alberta potted tree experiment (reflectance) property profile0.250.50.751integritynoiseartefactsbaselinePCA outliersreferencerepeatabilitystructureEcoSIS Canopy spectra of boreal tree species from Alberta potted tree experiment (reflectance) profileintegrity: 0.00noise: 0.00artefacts: 1.00baseline: 1.00PCA outliers: 1.00reference: 1.00repeatability: 0.00structure: 1.00EcoSIS Canopy s…0 center · 1 outer ring · outward = stronger anomaly / heterogeneity signal

Profile axes

Intégrité0.00
Artefacts locaux1.00
Bruit0.00
Outliers PCA1.00
Distance à la référence1.00
Répétabilité0.00
Baseline / forme1.00
Structure multi-régimes1.00
Diagnostic hypotheses00.250.50.751hypothesis scoreSplice / raccord détecteursSplice / raccord détecteurs: 0.890.89Erreur calibration / référenc…Erreur calibration / référence blanche: 0.840.84Fond différentFond différent: 0.790.79Spectre hors domaine valideSpectre hors domaine valide: 0.740.74Signature VERA25-likeSignature VERA25-like: 0.740.74Erreur interpolation / réécha…Erreur interpolation / rééchantillonnage: 0.710.71Différence de sonde / géométr…Différence de sonde / géométrie: 0.690.69Dataset multi-régimesDataset multi-régimes: 0.680.68
DiagnosticScoreForceSignauxInterprétation probable
Splice / raccord détecteursX0.89forteSpike rate 1.00, Jump rate 1.00, RMS/SAM référence 1.00Rupture aux jonctions de détecteurs, calibration locale ou sonde différente.
Erreur calibration / référence blancheX0.84forteMahalanobis / T2 1.00, Baseline/mean/area 1.00, RMS/SAM référence 1.00Décalage systématique entre campagnes, instruments ou référence blanche.
Fond différentX0.79forteMahalanobis / T2 1.00, Baseline/mean/area 1.00, RMS/SAM référence 1.00Effet systématique du support, blanc/noir, transflectance ou environnement de mesure.
Spectre hors domaine valideX0.74forteMahalanobis / T2 1.00, RMS/SAM référence 1.00, Structure PCA 1.00Variété, espèce, lot ou condition différente mais physiquement plausible.
Signature VERA25-likeX0.74forteMahalanobis / T2 1.00, Spike rate 1.00, Jump rate 1.00Combinaison possible changement de sonde + splice, amplifiée par géométrie, fond ou calibration.
Erreur interpolation / rééchantillonnageX0.71moyenneSpike rate 1.00, Jump rate 1.00, SNR normal/élevé 1.00Artefacts numériques ou traitement spectral incorrect.
Différence de sonde / géométrieX0.69moyenneMahalanobis / T2 1.00, Baseline/mean/area 1.00, RMS/SAM référence 1.00Modification de l'illumination, collecte, angle ou distance sonde-échantillon.
Dataset multi-régimesX0.68moyenneStructure PCA 1.00, RMS/SAM référence 1.00, Mahalanobis / T2 1.00Mélange de campagnes, opérateurs, lots, setups ou sous-populations spectrales.

Spectral sources

RooftopDCReflectance.csv

X · NIR · PP System Unispec DC
RooftopDCReflectance.csv spectra01232004006008001,0001,200q05-q95 envelopeq25-q75 envelopemedian spectrummedianq25–q75q05–q95wavelength / nm350nm — median 0.007995 (q25–q75 0.0005494–0.01826)356nm — median 0.01054 (q25–q75 0.003759–0.01908)361nm — median 0.01267 (q25–q75 0.006553–0.02011)367nm — median 0.01414 (q25–q75 0.008802–0.02026)372nm — median 0.01464 (q25–q75 0.009276–0.02077)378nm — median 0.01468 (q25–q75 0.009358–0.02131)384nm — median 0.01458 (q25–q75 0.009381–0.02137)389nm — median 0.01518 (q25–q75 0.01011–0.02168)395nm — median 0.01616 (q25–q75 0.01115–0.02255)401nm — median 0.0174 (q25–q75 0.01249–0.02379)406nm — median 0.0183 (q25–q75 0.01335–0.02511)412nm — median 0.01964 (q25–q75 0.01439–0.02674)417nm — median 0.02087 (q25–q75 0.01539–0.02847)423nm — median 0.0226 (q25–q75 0.01655–0.03054)429nm — median 0.02408 (q25–q75 0.01774–0.03282)434nm — median 0.0252 (q25–q75 0.01885–0.03492)440nm — median 0.02633 (q25–q75 0.01994–0.03695)445nm — median 0.02719 (q25–q75 0.02066–0.03852)451nm — median 0.02801 (q25–q75 0.02149–0.03987)457nm — median 0.02854 (q25–q75 0.02191–0.04108)462nm — median 0.02894 (q25–q75 0.02215–0.04168)468nm — median 0.02912 (q25–q75 0.02232–0.04235)473nm — median 0.0293 (q25–q75 0.02242–0.043)479nm — median 0.02949 (q25–q75 0.02256–0.04375)485nm — median 0.02969 (q25–q75 0.02273–0.04427)490nm — median 0.03008 (q25–q75 0.02298–0.04509)496nm — median 0.03095 (q25–q75 0.02375–0.04618)502nm — median 0.03258 (q25–q75 0.02531–0.04796)507nm — median 0.03476 (q25–q75 0.02737–0.04977)513nm — median 0.03852 (q25–q75 0.03157–0.05268)518nm — median 0.0431 (q25–q75 0.03623–0.05698)524nm — median 0.05027 (q25–q75 0.04206–0.06363)530nm — median 0.05721 (q25–q75 0.04704–0.07197)535nm — median 0.06194 (q25–q75 0.05081–0.07807)541nm — median 0.06668 (q25–q75 0.05471–0.08431)546nm — median 0.07018 (q25–q75 0.05756–0.0884)552nm — median 0.07296 (q25–q75 0.06017–0.09286)558nm — median 0.07405 (q25–q75 0.06115–0.09542)563nm — median 0.0731 (q25–q75 0.06056–0.09514)569nm — median 0.07003 (q25–q75 0.0577–0.09401)574nm — median 0.06702 (q25–q75 0.05517–0.09273)580nm — median 0.06382 (q25–q75 0.05237–0.09126)586nm — median 0.06184 (q25–q75 0.05069–0.09114)591nm — median 0.06085 (q25–q75 0.04972–0.09204)597nm — median 0.0602 (q25–q75 0.04905–0.09302)603nm — median 0.05933 (q25–q75 0.04803–0.09444)608nm — median 0.058 (q25–q75 0.04669–0.0937)614nm — median 0.05614 (q25–q75 0.0444–0.09242)619nm — median 0.05467 (q25–q75 0.04269–0.09102)625nm — median 0.0539 (q25–q75 0.04156–0.09088)631nm — median 0.05361 (q25–q75 0.0409–0.09076)636nm — median 0.05313 (q25–q75 0.04–0.09126)642nm — median 0.0514 (q25–q75 0.03801–0.08986)647nm — median 0.0499 (q25–q75 0.03577–0.08786)653nm — median 0.04759 (q25–q75 0.03335–0.08691)659nm — median 0.04477 (q25–q75 0.03088–0.08503)664nm — median 0.04208 (q25–q75 0.02875–0.08356)670nm — median 0.03968 (q25–q75 0.02706–0.08155)675nm — median 0.03874 (q25–q75 0.02684–0.08149)681nm — median 0.04014 (q25–q75 0.02842–0.08322)687nm — median 0.04778 (q25–q75 0.03487–0.09095)692nm — median 0.06319 (q25–q75 0.04818–0.1079)698nm — median 0.09053 (q25–q75 0.07172–0.1419)704nm — median 0.1265 (q25–q75 0.1015–0.191)709nm — median 0.1612 (q25–q75 0.1305–0.233)715nm — median 0.2069 (q25–q75 0.1695–0.281)720nm — median 0.25 (q25–q75 0.2095–0.3236)726nm — median 0.3015 (q25–q75 0.2565–0.3792)732nm — median 0.3495 (q25–q75 0.299–0.4308)737nm — median 0.3817 (q25–q75 0.329–0.463)743nm — median 0.4124 (q25–q75 0.3558–0.4965)748nm — median 0.4319 (q25–q75 0.3731–0.5157)754nm — median 0.4463 (q25–q75 0.3855–0.5304)760nm — median 0.4568 (q25–q75 0.3943–0.5412)765nm — median 0.4653 (q25–q75 0.4013–0.5494)771nm — median 0.47 (q25–q75 0.4057–0.5539)776nm — median 0.4737 (q25–q75 0.409–0.5567)782nm — median 0.4772 (q25–q75 0.4124–0.5598)788nm — median 0.4802 (q25–q75 0.4152–0.5625)793nm — median 0.4828 (q25–q75 0.4175–0.5663)799nm — median 0.4853 (q25–q75 0.4197–0.5706)805nm — median 0.4876 (q25–q75 0.4222–0.5742)810nm — median 0.4894 (q25–q75 0.4239–0.576)816nm — median 0.4907 (q25–q75 0.4259–0.5784)821nm — median 0.4925 (q25–q75 0.4282–0.5805)827nm — median 0.4946 (q25–q75 0.4306–0.5825)833nm — median 0.4965 (q25–q75 0.432–0.5866)838nm — median 0.4985 (q25–q75 0.4337–0.5891)844nm — median 0.5002 (q25–q75 0.4356–0.5919)849nm — median 0.5016 (q25–q75 0.4371–0.5931)855nm — median 0.5027 (q25–q75 0.4386–0.5949)861nm — median 0.504 (q25–q75 0.4401–0.5964)866nm — median 0.5051 (q25–q75 0.4411–0.5967)872nm — median 0.5055 (q25–q75 0.4419–0.5976)877nm — median 0.5068 (q25–q75 0.4423–0.5981)883nm — median 0.5066 (q25–q75 0.4422–0.599)889nm — median 0.5064 (q25–q75 0.442–0.5994)894nm — median 0.5053 (q25–q75 0.4411–0.5993)900nm — median 0.5043 (q25–q75 0.4402–0.5979)906nm — median 0.5035 (q25–q75 0.44–0.5967)911nm — median 0.5028 (q25–q75 0.4405–0.5955)917nm — median 0.5023 (q25–q75 0.4392–0.5952)922nm — median 0.5016 (q25–q75 0.4386–0.5957)928nm — median 0.4981 (q25–q75 0.4351–0.5936)934nm — median 0.4884 (q25–q75 0.4282–0.5882)939nm — median 0.4825 (q25–q75 0.4227–0.5839)945nm — median 0.4757 (q25–q75 0.416–0.5778)950nm — median 0.4694 (q25–q75 0.4104–0.5716)956nm — median 0.4612 (q25–q75 0.4029–0.5646)962nm — median 0.4551 (q25–q75 0.3971–0.5588)967nm — median 0.4515 (q25–q75 0.3951–0.5559)973nm — median 0.449 (q25–q75 0.3923–0.5522)978nm — median 0.4476 (q25–q75 0.3904–0.5488)984nm — median 0.4466 (q25–q75 0.3899–0.5444)990nm — median 0.4462 (q25–q75 0.3901–0.5384)995nm — median 0.4461 (q25–q75 0.3903–0.5344)1,001nm — median 0.4448 (q25–q75 0.3891–0.5291)1,007nm — median 0.443 (q25–q75 0.3864–0.5238)1,012nm — median 0.4416 (q25–q75 0.3846–0.5212)1,018nm — median 0.4389 (q25–q75 0.383–0.5157)1,023nm — median 0.4372 (q25–q75 0.3805–0.5135)1,029nm — median 0.4328 (q25–q75 0.3765–0.5062)1,035nm — median 0.4243 (q25–q75 0.369–0.4951)1,040nm — median 0.4167 (q25–q75 0.3603–0.489)1,046nm — median 0.4047 (q25–q75 0.3468–0.4784)1,051nm — median 0.392 (q25–q75 0.3336–0.4632)1,057nm — median 0.3738 (q25–q75 0.3169–0.4429)1,063nm — median 0.3533 (q25–q75 0.2988–0.4207)1,068nm — median 0.3346 (q25–q75 0.2805–0.3998)1,074nm — median 0.3104 (q25–q75 0.2595–0.3774)1,079nm — median 0.2917 (q25–q75 0.2431–0.3568)1,085nm — median 0.268 (q25–q75 0.2213–0.3301)1,091nm — median 0.2456 (q25–q75 0.1961–0.3058)1,096nm — median 0.2256 (q25–q75 0.1807–0.2877)1,102nm — median 0.2025 (q25–q75 0.1601–0.2611)1,108nm — median 0.1777 (q25–q75 0.1379–0.2348)1,113nm — median 1.037 (q25–q75 0.9962–1.084)1,119nm — median 1.033 (q25–q75 0.4123–1.621)1,124nm — median 1.008 (q25–q75 0.7456–1.244)1,130nm — median 1.025 (q25–q75 0.931–1.124)

Sampling

Wavelengths781
Axis range350–1,130 nm
Mean spacing1 nm
Griduniform
Observations2,550

Signal & quality

Value range0 – 9.99
Mean range0.0455 – 1.15
Mean level0.2931
Area228.3
PTP1.106
Noise RMS2.7461e-05
SNR1.1e+04
SNR dB8e+01 dB
Dynamic range1.11
Smoothness0.04406
Saturated0.0%
X-outliers1,315

Integrity & artefacts

NaN ratio0.00%
Inf count0
Zero ratio0.30%
Spike count220,374
Spike rate11.09%
Jump count206,448
Jump rate10.38%
Clip fraction0.30%

Shape & reference

Baseline slope0.62363
Curvature RMS0.038562
D1 RMS0.033311
RMS to mean0.088025
RMS p950.27163
SAM to mean0.18718
SAM p950.53425
Affine offset p950.24922
Affine gain p95 Δ0.53178
Affine residual p950.12961
Xcorr lag p950

Outliers & repeatability

PCA Q p95/median6.1
Hotelling T2 p95/median11
Mahalanobis H p95/median3.3
Repeat groups0

Dimensionality (PCA)

Effective rank3.2
PCs → 95% var3
PCs → 99% var8
Top-10 cum. var99.4%
Computed metric scores 29worst 1.00
FamilleMétrique calculéeValeurScoreNiveauInterprétation datasetCauses typiquesCalcul / scoring
Intégrité des donnéesNaN ratiointegrity.nan_ratio0%0.00faibleSpectre completErreur acquisition/exportcount(isnan(X)) / X.sizealert = min(1, nan_ratio / 0.05)
Intégrité des donnéesInf countintegrity.inf_count00.00faibleNormalCalculs invalidescount(isinf(X))alert = min(1, inf_count / 1)
Intégrité des donnéesZero ratiointegrity.zero_ratio0.304%0.06faibleNormalExport, saturationcount(X == 0) / count(finite X)alert = min(1, zero_ratio / 0.05)
Amplitude globaleMean reflectanceamplitude.mean_reflectance0.293071.00fortValeur atypique: Trop clair / fond visible ou Trop sombreFond, géométriemean(X finite)alert reuses baseline/shape drift because absolute reflectance ranges are technology-dependent
Amplitude globaleArea under curveamplitude.area_under_curve228.351.00fortValeur atypique: Différence d'éclairement ou NormalDistance sondetrapezoid(mean_spectrum, spectral_axis)alert reuses baseline/shape drift because area scale depends on axis and units
Amplitude globalePeak-to-peak (PTP)amplitude.peak_to_peak1.10620.00faibleVariabilité forteSaturationmax(mean_spectrum) - min(mean_spectrum)alert increases when dynamic range is abnormally flat
Amplitude globaleVarianceamplitude.variance0.071380.00faibleNormal ou hétérogèneMauvais contactvar(X finite)alert increases when variance/dynamic range is abnormally flat
BruitNoise RMSnoise.noise_rms2.7461e-050.00faibleStableLampe, détecteurmedian MAD(second derivative) * 1.4826 / sqrt(6)alert = noise_rms / signal_scale, saturated at 5%
BruitSNRnoise.snr106720.00faibleBon signalAcquisitionmean(abs(X)) / noise_rmsalert decreases with SNR dB; >=40 dB is treated as low alert
BruitBandwise SNRnoise.bandwise_snr_min2.60010.76fortZone problématiqueDétecteurmin(abs(mean_spectrum) / local second-derivative noise)alert decreases with worst-band SNR dB; >=35 dB is treated as low alert
Artefacts locauxSpike countartefacts.spike_count220,3741.00fortArtefactsCosmic rays, splicecount robust outliers in second derivativealert follows spike_rate, saturated at 1%
Artefacts locauxSpike rateartefacts.spike_rate11.1%1.00fortSpectre suspectInterpolationspike_count / (n_samples * (n_features - 2))alert = min(1, spike_rate / 0.01)
Artefacts locauxJump countartefacts.jump_count206,4481.00fortRaccord détecteurSplicecount robust outliers in first derivativealert follows jump_rate, saturated at 1%
Artefacts locauxJump rateartefacts.jump_rate10.4%1.00fortProblème spectralCalibrationjump_count / (n_samples * (n_features - 1))alert = min(1, jump_rate / 0.01)
Artefacts locauxClip fractionartefacts.clip_fraction0.304%0.30faibleNormalDétecteur saturéfraction of finite cells equal to repeated min/max extremaalert = min(1, clip_fraction / 0.01)
Forme spectraleBaseline slopeshape.baseline_slope0.623631.00fortDériveÉclairementlinear slope of mean_spectrum over normalized axisalert = abs(slope / signal_scale), saturated at 0.5
Forme spectraleCurvature RMSshape.curvature_rms0.0385621.00fortForme inhabituelleFond, splicemedian RMS(second derivative per spectrum)alert = curvature_rms / signal_scale, saturated at 1%
Forme spectraleD1 RMSshape.d1_rms0.0333110.60moyenSpectre structuréBiologie ou artefactmedian RMS(first derivative per spectrum)alert = d1_rms / signal_scale, saturated at 5%
Outliers multivariésPCA Q (SPE)outliers.pca_q_ratio6.14530.77fortSpectre atypiqueArtefact, mélangep95(Q/SPE residual) / median(Q/SPE residual)alert = min(1, pca_q_ratio / 8)
Outliers multivariésHotelling T²outliers.hotelling_t2_ratio11.0271.00fortExtrême mais cohérentVariabilité naturellep95(Hotelling T2) / median(Hotelling T2)alert = min(1, hotelling_t2_ratio / 8)
Outliers multivariésMahalanobis Houtliers.mahalanobis_h_ratio3.32070.83fortOutlier globalDomaine différentp95(sqrt(T2)) / median(sqrt(T2))alert = min(1, mahalanobis_h_ratio / 4)
Comparaison à référenceRMS to mean spectrumreference.rms_to_mean_spectrum_p950.271630.98fortSpectre différentDomain shiftp95 RMS distance to dataset mean spectrumalert = RMS_p95 / signal_scale, saturated at 25%
Comparaison à référenceSpectral Angle Mapper (SAM)reference.sam_to_mean_spectrum_p950.534251.00fortForme différenteFond, géométriep95 spectral angle to dataset mean spectrumalert = min(1, SAM_p95 / 0.35 rad)
RépétabilitéRMS intra-IDrepeatability.rms_intra_id0.00faibleStablePositionnementmedian RMS distance to repeated-sample centroidalert = RMS_intra_ID / signal_scale, saturated at 10%
RépétabilitéSAM intra-IDrepeatability.sam_intra_id0.00faibleStableAcquisitionmedian SAM to repeated-sample centroidalert = min(1, SAM_intra_ID / 0.15 rad)
RépétabilitéCV intra-IDrepeatability.cv_intra_id0.00faibleStableOpérateurmedian within-ID band CValert = min(1, CV_intra_ID / 0.25)
Structure du datasetPCA score densitystructure.pca_score_density2.50381.00fortSous-populationsLots différents1 / median kNN distance in PCA score spacealert follows density_cv/profile structure complexity, not raw density alone
Structure du datasetLocal Outlier Factor (LOF)structure.local_outlier_factor_p954.1141.00fortSpectre isoléCas raresp95 approximate LOF from PCA-score kNN distancesalert = min(1, max(0, LOF_p95 - 1) / 2)
Structure du datasetIsolation Forest scorestructure.isolation_forest_score_p950.585041.00fortSpectre atypiqueDiverses causesp95 IsolationForest anomaly score on PCA scoresalert follows structure complexity; raw score is implementation-dependent
X PCA score plot-100102030-5051015PC1 -1.897 · PC2 -1.815PC1 -2.602 · PC2 -1.966PC1 -1.055 · PC2 -1.672PC1 -0.5886 · PC2 0.7659PC1 -3.192 · PC2 0.2684PC1 -4.415 · PC2 -0.2331PC1 -3.144 · PC2 -1.807PC1 -2.464 · PC2 -1.763PC1 -1.471 · PC2 -1.671PC1 -0.2927 · PC2 0.5486PC1 -1.36 · PC2 -1.672PC1 -2.786 · PC2 -1.977PC1 -1.656 · PC2 2.627PC1 -1.307 · PC2 2.649PC1 -1.657 · PC2 -1.539PC1 -1.826 · PC2 1.888PC1 -0.7791 · PC2 2.033PC1 -1.498 · PC2 1.878PC1 -2.684 · PC2 -1.578PC1 -0.4853 · PC2 2.283PC1 -1.766 · PC2 -1.207PC1 1.718 · PC2 2.85PC1 -1.117 · PC2 -1.019PC1 -1.044 · PC2 -0.9936PC1 -0.6781 · PC2 2.749PC1 -1.1 · PC2 0.9592PC1 -0.5947 · PC2 -1.312PC1 -0.8071 · PC2 0.8801PC1 -2.654 · PC2 -1.58PC1 -2.171 · PC2 0.6418PC1 -0.3367 · PC2 -1.212PC1 -1.163 · PC2 0.5971PC1 -1.474 · PC2 0.3422PC1 -1.922 · PC2 -0.2234PC1 -1.377 · PC2 -1.489PC1 -0.3332 · PC2 -1.454PC1 -0.8663 · PC2 -0.01503PC1 -1.16 · PC2 1.235PC1 -0.8366 · PC2 1.961PC1 -0.4337 · PC2 1.265PC1 -0.5212 · PC2 1.06PC1 -0.794 · PC2 1.168PC1 -2.295 · PC2 0.9149PC1 -0.04066 · PC2 1.78PC1 -1.346 · PC2 1.234PC1 -0.7643 · PC2 1.358PC1 -0.3773 · PC2 -1.212PC1 0.9826 · PC2 1.843PC1 0.03483 · PC2 1.736PC1 -2.583 · PC2 -1.552PC1 2.453 · PC2 2.715PC1 -0.8753 · PC2 2.079PC1 -1.191 · PC2 2.865PC1 -1.202 · PC2 -0.8833PC1 -4.077 · PC2 2.675PC1 2.592 · PC2 -0.1888PC1 -1.546 · PC2 1.513PC1 -0.9854 · PC2 1.96PC1 -0.748 · PC2 -1.163PC1 -0.07188 · PC2 3.044PC1 -1.705 · PC2 1.371PC1 0.2954 · PC2 3.111PC1 -0.0008262 · PC2 -0.8198PC1 0.01175 · PC2 1.984PC1 -1.384 · PC2 0.9997PC1 -0.5709 · PC2 -1.325PC1 -1.306 · PC2 -1.363PC1 -2.191 · PC2 -1.596PC1 1.451 · PC2 1.643PC1 1.096 · PC2 1.506PC1 1.427 · PC2 -0.905PC1 0.6137 · PC2 -0.98PC1 -1.453 · PC2 0.7814PC1 2.433 · PC2 1.799PC1 -0.6205 · PC2 1.823PC1 -0.4897 · PC2 0.9474PC1 -2.387 · PC2 1.016PC1 1.503 · PC2 1.286PC1 -0.5595 · PC2 1.009PC1 0.02216 · PC2 0.295PC1 -0.6269 · PC2 0.5405PC1 -1.865 · PC2 -1.738PC1 -1.821 · PC2 -0.06628PC1 -3.986 · PC2 -0.01509PC1 1.209 · PC2 -1.209PC1 -1.829 · PC2 0.3806PC1 -1.204 · PC2 -1.669PC1 -1.118 · PC2 0.00374PC1 -0.1595 · PC2 0.3716PC1 2.643 · PC2 1.4PC1 -1.348 · PC2 0.6835PC1 -0.6459 · PC2 -0.9584PC1 -0.7175 · PC2 1.697PC1 -0.4625 · PC2 1.846PC1 -1.197 · PC2 -1.271PC1 -0.6989 · PC2 1.48PC1 -2.173 · PC2 1.257PC1 -3.584 · PC2 1.163PC1 0.3781 · PC2 1.957PC1 1.05 · PC2 -0.5803PC1 -0.9975 · PC2 -1.175PC1 -0.08952 · PC2 -0.9674PC1 0.5401 · PC2 1.872PC1 -1.495 · PC2 1.584PC1 -0.7565 · PC2 -1.353PC1 -2.73 · PC2 0.5641PC1 -2.837 · PC2 0.6774PC1 -0.6352 · PC2 -1.203PC1 0.196 · PC2 -1.133PC1 2.533 · PC2 2.612PC1 -2.481 · PC2 -1.663PC1 1.335 · PC2 1.528PC1 -1.077 · PC2 -0.7989PC1 -1.892 · PC2 -1.02PC1 -1.664 · PC2 -0.8819PC1 -0.6415 · PC2 4.161PC1 -1.559 · PC2 -0.9523PC1 -0.8337 · PC2 3.664PC1 0.2663 · PC2 -0.6056PC1 0.5732 · PC2 -0.2001PC1 -3.81 · PC2 -1.367PC1 0.3799 · PC2 3.196PC1 -1.906 · PC2 -1.009PC1 -1.153 · PC2 -0.6672PC1 -0.2983 · PC2 4.609PC1 -1.4 · PC2 0.3726PC1 -0.7473 · PC2 1.176PC1 -1.488 · PC2 11.23PC1 -1.792 · PC2 9.615PC1 -0.8579 · PC2 8.557PC1 -0.7425 · PC2 8.47PC1 -1.145 · PC2 0.314PC1 -2.966 · PC2 -1.608PC1 0.3671 · PC2 -0.8253PC1 0.7083 · PC2 -0.8248PC1 -0.7547 · PC2 2.248PC1 1.936 · PC2 2.66PC1 -0.8822 · PC2 1.844PC1 -1.481 · PC2 2.882PC1 0.2609 · PC2 13.75PC1 -2.158 · PC2 3.433PC1 -1.082 · PC2 3.209PC1 -0.6094 · PC2 -0.8756PC1 -0.4484 · PC2 -1.224PC1 -1.705 · PC2 -1.373PC1 0.1487 · PC2 -1.224PC1 -0.8902 · PC2 -1.145PC1 -0.8284 · PC2 -1.526PC1 -0.9439 · PC2 -1.487PC1 -1.645 · PC2 -1.617PC1 -0.2157 · PC2 -1.259PC1 -3.525 · PC2 -1.938PC1 1.412 · PC2 -0.9558PC1 -0.8387 · PC2 0.76PC1 -0.9493 · PC2 -1.221PC1 2.036 · PC2 1.744PC1 0.635 · PC2 1.338PC1 1.275 · PC2 1.858PC1 -1.75 · PC2 0.6297PC1 -0.2395 · PC2 -1.188PC1 -1.734 · PC2 -1.46PC1 -1.823 · PC2 -1.638PC1 -0.1868 · PC2 -1.142PC1 -1.751 · PC2 -1.4PC1 -1.734 · PC2 -1.559PC1 -0.5187 · PC2 1.262PC1 -2.081 · PC2 0.6093PC1 -0.6426 · PC2 -1.281PC1 0.5282 · PC2 -0.9103PC1 -1.379 · PC2 0.8087PC1 1.357 · PC2 -0.7808PC1 -1.926 · PC2 1.454PC1 -0.532 · PC2 0.9999PC1 -0.4064 · PC2 -1.214PC1 -0.9527 · PC2 0.8847PC1 -0.4948 · PC2 -1.14PC1 1.012 · PC2 1.301PC1 -0.691 · PC2 -1.248PC1 -1.56 · PC2 0.6655PC1 0.2443 · PC2 -1.164PC1 0.2852 · PC2 1.412PC1 2.075 · PC2 -0.6204PC1 -1.91 · PC2 -1.026PC1 -2.257 · PC2 -1.728PC1 -1.062 · PC2 1.045PC1 3.38 · PC2 -0.6602PC1 0.3386 · PC2 -1.257PC1 -2.313 · PC2 -1.551PC1 0.3489 · PC2 1.734PC1 0.7273 · PC2 1.582PC1 -1.926 · PC2 1.202PC1 -1.524 · PC2 1.581PC1 -0.8497 · PC2 1.231PC1 1.687 · PC2 2.56PC1 1.533 · PC2 -0.7332PC1 1.697 · PC2 3.016PC1 0.6517 · PC2 -0.7944PC1 -1.519 · PC2 -1.386PC1 -3.091 · PC2 -1.673PC1 -1.418 · PC2 -1.746PC1 1.173 · PC2 1.447PC1 -0.2944 · PC2 1.099PC1 -0.8176 · PC2 0.9496PC1 -2.367 · PC2 0.5574PC1 0.1287 · PC2 -0.8896PC1 0.9692 · PC2 2.22PC1 2.971 · PC2 1.671PC1 -4.693 · PC2 -2.352PC1 -4.591 · PC2 -2.325PC1 -5.155 · PC2 -0.5853PC1 -3.171 · PC2 -1.653PC1 -1.303 · PC2 0.5505PC1 0.7838 · PC2 -1.278PC1 0.4734 · PC2 1.498PC1 -1.826 · PC2 0.8132PC1 -0.5175 · PC2 0.9809PC1 0.4367 · PC2 -1.104PC1 2.213 · PC2 1.287PC1 -0.2205 · PC2 1.075PC1 -0.9144 · PC2 -1.105PC1 -1.641 · PC2 -1.502PC1 1.721 · PC2 1.854PC1 0.9495 · PC2 -0.9564PC1 -0.1051 · PC2 -1.11PC1 -4.954 · PC2 -0.06326PC1 -4.897 · PC2 -2.278PC1 -4.174 · PC2 -2.341PC1 -4.158 · PC2 0.01352PC1 -1.956 · PC2 -1.59PC1 0.291 · PC2 -1.155PC1 -1.452 · PC2 1.15PC1 1.068 · PC2 -1.019PC1 -1.8 · PC2 0.622PC1 0.6222 · PC2 1.253PC1 -1.887 · PC2 -1.766PC1 2.459 · PC2 -0.7704PC1 1.124 · PC2 0.9003PC1 -5.424 · PC2 -2.577PC1 -4.846 · PC2 -1.858PC1 -1.141 · PC2 -1.634PC1 0.7002 · PC2 -1.213PC1 0.7108 · PC2 0.4698PC1 -0.7234 · PC2 0.2432PC1 1.731 · PC2 0.6933PC1 1.696 · PC2 -1.771PC1 0.7034 · PC2 0.4421PC1 -4.729 · PC2 -2.346PC1 -4.957 · PC2 0.07074PC1 -3.707 · PC2 0.04933PC1 -3.736 · PC2 -0.1365PC1 -4.405 · PC2 -2.513PC1 -0.858 · PC2 0.2243PC1 1.676 · PC2 -1.185PC1 3.213 · PC2 -0.8774PC1 3.138 · PC2 -0.7943PC1 2.602 · PC2 -1.054PC1 3.161 · PC2 -0.6864PC1 2.96 · PC2 1.27PC1 0.1615 · PC2 2.858PC1 1.001 · PC2 -0.743PC1 -2.357 · PC2 -1.524PC1 3.434 · PC2 2.89PC1 3.529 · PC2 2.324PC1 -4.395 · PC2 -1.795PC1 3.761 · PC2 2.506PC1 2.28 · PC2 -0.2899PC1 0.737 · PC2 1.63PC1 1.874 · PC2 -0.9943PC1 12.2 · PC2 -1.353PC1 14.9 · PC2 -1.525PC1 12.22 · PC2 0.9076PC1 21.76 · PC2 0.8168PC1 15.24 · PC2 -1.612PC1 17.1 · PC2 3.122PC1 14.85 · PC2 -0.468PC1 8.859 · PC2 -2.367PC1 11.56 · PC2 -2.532PC1 9.342 · PC2 -2.243PC1 11.76 · PC2 -2.537PC1 15.8 · PC2 -0.5867PC1 16.6 · PC2 4.355PC1 7.164 · PC2 2.455PC1 16.53 · PC2 0.5792PC1 10.63 · PC2 -2.811PC1 13.05 · PC2 -0.07117PC1 7.516 · PC2 0.7053PC1 6.926 · PC2 0.8496PC1 4.958 · PC2 -0.4114PC1 5.629 · PC2 -0.8504PC1 4.962 · PC2 -2.55PC1 5.202 · PC2 -0.7423PC1 4.592 · PC2 -1.009PC1 6.184 · PC2 -0.971PC1 3.969 · PC2 -0.7967PC1 9.026 · PC2 -3.75PC1 9.023 · PC2 -2.121PC1 9.677 · PC2 -3.539PC1 3.878 · PC2 -2.238PC1 3.645 · PC2 -0.3468PC1 5.059 · PC2 -0.5743PC1 4.225 · PC2 -1.915PC1 2.657 · PC2 -2.158PC1 3.119 · PC2 3.159PC1 3.964 · PC2 -1.713PC1 4.72 · PC2 2.222PC1 4.212 · PC2 2.147PC1 5.816 · PC2 -1.876PC1 2.002 · PC2 2.518PC1 3.707 · PC2 -1.364PC1 2.978 · PC2 2.384PC1 8.975 · PC2 0.7701PC1 9.512 · PC2 -2.766PC1 9.333 · PC2 0.8782PC1 9.524 · PC2 -2.976PC1 9.742 · PC2 0.7646PC1 2.083 · PC2 2.025PC1 1.279 · PC2 2.336PC1 2.138 · PC2 2.303PC1 2.403 · PC2 2.143PC1 3.482 · PC2 -1.181PC1 2.848 · PC2 2.703PC1 3.183 · PC2 2.296PC1 2.455 · PC2 2.758PC1 4.426 · PC2 -1.764PC1 5.751 · PC2 -2.652PC1 1.31 · PC2 -1.288PC1 8.485 · PC2 -0.7366PC1 8.337 · PC2 -3.016PC1 9.861 · PC2 -1.215PC1 11.03 · PC2 -2.937PC1 1.67 · PC2 -1.695PC1 0.7384 · PC2 -1.462PC1 2.714 · PC2 0.4131PC1 4.773 · PC2 0.7068PC1 2.716 · PC2 1.092PC1 2.768 · PC2 1.002PC1 3.974 · PC2 0.7016PC1 3.224 · PC2 -1.719PC1 2.156 · PC2 -1.457PC1 4.901 · PC2 -1.92PC1 6.059 · PC2 -1.652PC1 6.224 · PC2 -1.903PC1 2.823 · PC2 1.95PC1 2.026 · PC2 -1.206PC1 7.972 · PC2 -1.852PC1 7.21 · PC2 -3.578PC1 8.661 · PC2 -3.821PC1 0.01803 · PC2 -1.01PC1 1.295 · PC2 -0.9378PC1 2.484 · PC2 -0.6955PC1 1.307 · PC2 2.024PC1 2.807 · PC2 2.796PC1 2.979 · PC2 -0.7123PC1 0.5269 · PC2 2.289PC1 2.021 · PC2 2.469PC1 -1.632 · PC2 -1.464PC1 -1.342 · PC2 1.12PC1 -1.312 · PC2 -1.455PC1 -0.823 · PC2 -1.122PC1 6.52 · PC2 -0.6986PC1 6.524 · PC2 -3.289PC1 7.022 · PC2 -0.7888PC1 -1.831 · PC2 -1.468PC1 -2.17 · PC2 1.133PC1 -1.41 · PC2 -1.259PC1 0.6685 · PC2 1.273PC1 0.008665 · PC2 0.8227PC1 1.556 · PC2 0.6592PC1 -0.8333 · PC2 1.002PC1 -0.947 · PC2 0.7951PC1 -1.257 · PC2 0.6447PC1 8.343 · PC2 -3.049PC1 8.106 · PC2 -0.5793PC1 8.22 · PC2 -0.7071PC1 -2.141 · PC2 0.856PC1 -1.915 · PC2 -1.606PC1 -0.8756 · PC2 0.8594PC1 -1.089 · PC2 0.8248PC1 -0.6822 · PC2 0.9077PC1 -0.09394 · PC2 -1.379PC1 -0.7745 · PC2 -1.436PC1 -1.291 · PC2 -1.628PC1 -1.446 · PC2 4.742PC1 -0.1818 · PC2 3.858PC1 0.5255 · PC2 0.2091PC1 0.3307 · PC2 4.225PC1 -1.331 · PC2 -2.255PC1 -0.09532 · PC2 0.7882PC1 -1.847 · PC2 2.258PC1 -2.192 · PC2 2.156PC1 -0.9972 · PC2 4.202PC1 -2.069 · PC2 -1.678PC1 2.359 · PC2 2.41PC1 0.5986 · PC2 -1.074PC1 2.641 · PC2 -1.09PC1 2.598 · PC2 2.703PC1 2.562 · PC2 2.149PC1 1.308 · PC2 -0.7845PC1 0.4825 · PC2 -0.807PC1 -5.66 · PC2 -2.344PC1 -5.816 · PC2 0.175PC1 -4.879 · PC2 -2.186PC1 -1.114 · PC2 -1.299PC1 -1.54 · PC2 -1.387PC1 1.32 · PC2 1.72PC1 5.06 · PC2 3.212PC1 -0.2741 · PC2 -1.255PC1 -2.47 · PC2 0.1895PC1 -1.416 · PC2 -1.532PC1 -0.4211 · PC2 -1.309PC1 -0.6507 · PC2 -1.239PC1 -2.098 · PC2 -1.726PC1 -1.522 · PC2 -1.705PC1 -1.071 · PC2 0.8271PC1 -1.453 · PC2 -1.818PC1 -2.108 · PC2 -0.003651PC1 -2.538 · PC2 -2.054PC1 -2.096 · PC2 -1.947PC1 -2.266 · PC2 -1.864PC1 -1.456 · PC2 -0.06226PC1 -1.348 · PC2 -2.142PC1 -0.0884 · PC2 -1.932PC1 0.0943 · PC2 0.5573PC1 -0.1185 · PC2 -1.335PC1 -5.769 · PC2 -2.819PC1 -5.743 · PC2 -2.634PC1 -5.649 · PC2 -2.812PC1 -2.836 · PC2 -2.145PC1 -2.65 · PC2 -1.822PC1 -0.8368 · PC2 0.5167PC1 -0.3536 · PC2 0.57PC1 -1.925 · PC2 0.5485PC1 -1.842 · PC2 0.3275PC1 -1.794 · PC2 0.2971PC1 -1.425 · PC2 -1.725PC1 -0.003366 · PC2 1.863PC1 -0.9603 · PC2 -1.097PC1 1.45 · PC2 -0.7676PC1 -0.2649 · PC2 1.792PC1 -1.399 · PC2 -1.237PC1 1.964 · PC2 -0.5881PC1 0.2977 · PC2 1.888PC1 0.6547 · PC2 -0.869PC1 0.4561 · PC2 -0.9517PC1 -1.661 · PC2 0.0389PC1 -1.899 · PC2 1.134PC1 -1.7 · PC2 -1.29PC1 -0.2936 · PC2 0.3066PC1 -5.477 · PC2 -0.4445PC1 -5.6 · PC2 -0.6539PC1 -1.049 · PC2 -1.277PC1 -0.428 · PC2 -1.175PC1 -1.522 · PC2 -1.734PC1 0.6355 · PC2 0.8367PC1 0.847 · PC2 -1.039PC1 -1.881 · PC2 0.6501PC1 -0.001128 · PC2 1.256PC1 -0.523 · PC2 -1.069PC1 -2.657 · PC2 -2.382PC1 -1.765 · PC2 -0.3732PC1 -0.388 · PC2 -1.61PC1 0.2044 · PC2 -0.1394PC1 -6.113 · PC2 -2.957PC1 -5.852 · PC2 -1.246PC1 -5.703 · PC2 -2.844PC1 -1.408 · PC2 -1.761PC1 -1.379 · PC2 -0.571PC1 -1.139 · PC2 -0.4076PC1 -1.372 · PC2 -1.559PC1 -0.09807 · PC2 0.396PC1 -1.932 · PC2 0.05448PC1 -0.4643 · PC2 -1.421PC1 -0.4062 · PC2 0.4053PC1 -1.236 · PC2 0.3313PC1 -1.493 · PC2 -1.592PC1 -2.533 · PC2 -2.002PC1 -2.797 · PC2 0.3121PC1 -2.73 · PC2 0.3857PC1 -0.7739 · PC2 -1.33PC1 -0.2981 · PC2 1.102PC1 -6.044 · PC2 1.116PC1 -5.475 · PC2 -2.447PC1 -1.545 · PC2 -1.623PC1 -0.7555 · PC2 -1.384PC1 -1.498 · PC2 0.7862PC1 -1.251 · PC2 -1.574PC1 -2.509 · PC2 0.8352PC1 -2.719 · PC2 1.093PC1 -2.034 · PC2 -1.182PC1 -1.379 · PC2 1.987PC1 -0.5747 · PC2 2.127PC1 -6.224 · PC2 -2.097PC1 -5.924 · PC2 -2.065PC1 -2.091 · PC2 -1.055PC1 -2.363 · PC2 2.218PC1 -1.377 · PC2 0.9243PC1 -1.387 · PC2 1.115PC1 -4.214 · PC2 0.8078PC1 -2.313 · PC2 -1.81PC1 -2.893 · PC2 -1.945PC1 -2.781 · PC2 0.5924PC1 -2.454 · PC2 -1.854PC1 -3.09 · PC2 1.036PC1 -3.326 · PC2 0.5403PC1 -2.005 · PC2 -1.696PC1 -1.734 · PC2 -1.283PC1 -4.462 · PC2 0.1525PC1 -2.463 · PC2 -1.891PC1 -3.346 · PC2 -2.014PC1 -3.159 · PC2 -1.917PC1 -3.902 · PC2 0.3974PC1 -0.5964 · PC2 1.295PC1 -1.28 · PC2 1.14PC1 -0.513 · PC2 -1.291PC1 -1.01 · PC2 -1.385PC1 -1.365 · PC2 1.021PC1 -1.302 · PC2 -1.523PC1 -2.478 · PC2 -1.676PC1 -2.695 · PC2 0.5861PC1 -2.094 · PC2 1.371PC1 -3.362 · PC2 -1.902PC1 -2.075 · PC2 0.607PC1 -3.645 · PC2 -1.439PC1 -0.4194 · PC2 -1.032PC1 0.6534 · PC2 1.395PC1 -3.249 · PC2 0.3835PC1 -0.5094 · PC2 1.041PC1 -0.568 · PC2 1.053PC1 -1.343 · PC2 -1.405PC1 -2.985 · PC2 0.441PC1 -0.7685 · PC2 -1PC1 -2.395 · PC2 2.128PC1 -2.402 · PC2 -1.282PC1 -2.339 · PC2 2.235PC1 -2.557 · PC2 3.451PC1 -3.008 · PC2 -1.474PC1 -1.789 · PC2 -1.161PC1 2.345 · PC2 3.059PC1 1.041 · PC2 -0.5415PC1 -2.082 · PC2 -1.145PC1 -3.225 · PC2 3.091PC1 -2.104 · PC2 -1.158PC1 -2.224 · PC2 2.335PC1 -1.531 · PC2 -0.9792PC1 -1.414 · PC2 -0.9855PC1 -1.659 · PC2 2.284PC1 -0.09133 · PC2 -0.8619PC1 2.694 · PC2 -0.3444PC1 1.58 · PC2 2.617PC1 -2.439 · PC2 -1.29PC1 -0.9634 · PC2 1.152PC1 -1.769 · PC2 2.65PC1 -1.559 · PC2 1.734PC1 -0.3579 · PC2 1.473PC1 -0.2653 · PC2 -1.229PC1 -1.023 · PC2 1.524PC1 2.127 · PC2 -0.5785PC1 -0.6532 · PC2 1.221PC1 -0.5192 · PC2 -1.323PC1 -1.443 · PC2 1.327PC1 -1.774 · PC2 -1.466PC1 -1.722 · PC2 -1.436PC1 -1.536 · PC2 -1.379PC1 -1.614 · PC2 1.186PC1 0.6993 · PC2 -0.9629PC1 -2.001 · PC2 -1.323PC1 -4.761 · PC2 -1.967PC1 -1.434 · PC2 0.3409PC1 -1.443 · PC2 0.3605PC1 -1.636 · PC2 -1.62PC1 -1.488 · PC2 0.6863PC1 -1.323 · PC2 0.1295PC1 -2.008 · PC2 0.8267PC1 -2.913 · PC2 -0.01695PC1 0.5325 · PC2 -1.089PC1 0.8122 · PC2 0.8219PC1 -1.036 · PC2 0.3471PC1 -1.117 · PC2 -1.631PC1 -0.2221 · PC2 -0.9857PC1 -0.2958 · PC2 -1.007PC1 -0.7734 · PC2 -1.055PC1 -0.4521 · PC2 -0.941PC1 -0.5319 · PC2 -0.9503PC1 -0.7493 · PC2 0.6437PC1 -1.759 · PC2 -1.494PC1 -0.9578 · PC2 1.367PC1 -1.809 · PC2 1.051PC1 -2.003 · PC2 -1.602PC1 -1.76 · PC2 2.109PC1 -3.523 · PC2 -1.633PC1 -2.071 · PC2 -1.519PC1 -1.474 · PC2 -1.407PC1 -1.339 · PC2 1.207PC1 -0.86 · PC2 -1.414PC1 -0.8404 · PC2 1.316PC1 -1.001 · PC2 1.315PC1 -1.383 · PC2 -1.265PC1 -1.814 · PC2 2.225PC1 -1.234 · PC2 1.28PC1 -0.3269 · PC2 1.55PC1 -1.646 · PC2 -1.522PC1 -0.8861 · PC2 -1.229PC1 -1.033 · PC2 0.8763PC1 -1.332 · PC2 -1.479PC1 -1.723 · PC2 -1.564PC1 -1.296 · PC2 0.6914PC1 -2.375 · PC2 0.4058PC1 -1.374 · PC2 0.4081PC1 -0.8716 · PC2 0.8802PC1 -0.6309 · PC2 1.665PC1 -0.7936 · PC2 0.8986PC1 -0.8991 · PC2 -1.286PC1 -0.07709 · PC2 -1.228PC1 -3.087 · PC2 -1.994PC1 -1.492 · PC2 -1.705PC1 -1.367 · PC2 0.8648PC1 -0.889 · PC2 0.5037PC1 -1.371 · PC2 0.4208PC1 -1.308 · PC2 1.155PC1 0.8364 · PC2 -1.125PC1 -2.188 · PC2 0.1044PC1 -1.457 · PC2 0.3485PC1 -1.752 · PC2 0.3002PC1 0.7849 · PC2 -1.034PC1 -1.662 · PC2 0.8529PC1 -1.574 · PC2 1.142PC1 -1.4 · PC2 0.9976PC1 -1.909 · PC2 1PC1 -1.29 · PC2 -1.288PC1 0.006628 · PC2 1.471PC1 0.6522 · PC2 2.496PC1 3.409 · PC2 -0.0855PC1 -1.506 · PC2 1.772PC1 -1.565 · PC2 0.8819PC1 -0.9123 · PC2 1.154PC1 -1.833 · PC2 1.734PC1 -1.028 · PC2 -1.316PC1 -1.107 · PC2 1.521PC1 2.345 · PC2 -0.6877PC1 -3.577 · PC2 1.522PC1 2.134 · PC2 -0.6848PC1 1.731 · PC2 1.75PC1 -1.955 · PC2 2.092PC1 -1.578 · PC2 -1.504PC1 -1.546 · PC2 1.159PC1 -0.9372 · PC2 -1.375PC1 -1.947 · PC2 0.2333PC1 -1.594 · PC2 0.3324PC1 -1.34 · PC2 -1.552PC1 -0.573 · PC2 0.6266PC1 -1.146 · PC2 -1.504PC1 0.3283 · PC2 0.6947PC1 -0.0156 · PC2 0.6934PC1 -1.297 · PC2 -1.655PC1 -0.7075 · PC2 1.157PC1 -1.429 · PC2 0.1904PC1 -1.6 · PC2 0.2663PC1 -1.546 · PC2 0.3447PC1 3.97 · PC2 -0.6039PC1 -1.706 · PC2 -1.455PC1 -1.134 · PC2 -1.483PC1 -1.03 · PC2 0.9467PC1 -1.267 · PC2 0.8868PC1 -0.8951 · PC2 -1.653PC1 -1.249 · PC2 -1.631PC1 -1.569 · PC2 0.6608PC1 -1.378 · PC2 -1.534PC1 -0.9433 · PC2 0.9428PC1 -0.1065 · PC2 0.7987PC1 -1.857 · PC2 0.6844PC1 -0.03882 · PC2 1.053PC1 -1.092 · PC2 -1.57PC1 -0.8812 · PC2 -1.452PC1 -1.438 · PC2 -1.516PC1 -0.6347 · PC2 0.7718PC1 -0.7516 · PC2 1.025PC1 -1.533 · PC2 1.339PC1 -0.2822 · PC2 -1.364PC1 -0.2324 · PC2 -1.259PC1 -1.905 · PC2 -1.728PC1 -3.377 · PC2 0.6731PC1 -2.192 · PC2 -2.139PC1 -0.03424 · PC2 -1.469PC1 -4.908 · PC2 -0.6742PC1 0.3957 · PC2 0.002773PC1 4.357 · PC2 3.455PC1 3.849 · PC2 1.448PC1 2.187 · PC2 -1.185PC1 0.04828 · PC2 -1.25PC1 -4.549 · PC2 -0.01254PC1 -5.117 · PC2 0.6402PC1 -5.355 · PC2 -0.05307PC1 0.6907 · PC2 0.4637PC1 4.321 · PC2 1.029PC1 -0.6534 · PC2 1.571PC1 -0.5986 · PC2 -1.626PC1 -2.869 · PC2 0.6269PC1 -3.912 · PC2 -2.253PC1 0.969 · PC2 0.2937PC1 2.154 · PC2 -1.316PC1 3.425 · PC2 2.005PC1 -0.9763 · PC2 -0.9793PC1 3.826 · PC2 0.2925PC1 1.279 · PC2 -0.3396PC1 0.8288 · PC2 3.235PC1 0.9963 · PC2 2.472PC1 -4.261 · PC2 1.783PC1 -4.538 · PC2 1.191PC1 -3.839 · PC2 1.244PC1 -4.127 · PC2 0.9396PC1 1.56 · PC2 -0.422PC1 2.025 · PC2 1.638PC1 1.584 · PC2 1.927PC1 0.7117 · PC2 -1.374PC1 -3.929 · PC2 -1.963PC1 -2.093 · PC2 -1.094PC1 3.734 · PC2 -1.557PC1 6.028 · PC2 -1.228PC1 5.173 · PC2 1.302PC1 5.953 · PC2 0.1948PC1 3.474 · PC2 1.335PC1 -3.339 · PC2 0.3169PC1 -3.469 · PC2 -0.1816PC1 -3.059 · PC2 0.5042PC1 -1.278 · PC2 0.5192PC1 3.415 · PC2 1.643PC1 1.64 · PC2 -1.037PC1 5.961 · PC2 1.461PC1 3.594 · PC2 -1.061PC1 1.717 · PC2 1.673PC1 1.112 · PC2 -1.111PC1 -1.121 · PC2 1.806PC1 -3.792 · PC2 0.6329PC1 -3.463 · PC2 -2.419PC1 -3.621 · PC2 -2.388PC1 -4.037 · PC2 -2.164PC1 -3.408 · PC2 -2.345PC1 -1.684 · PC2 1.062PC1 -1.1 · PC2 -1.126PC1 -1.996 · PC2 1.498PC1 -2.892 · PC2 0.8894PC1 -2.324 · PC2 -1.804PC1 -1.375 · PC2 -1.696PC1 -1.699 · PC2 1.598PC1 -1.483 · PC2 0.4565PC1 -1.479 · PC2 -1.504PC1 -2.893 · PC2 0.5548PC1 -2.751 · PC2 -2.453PC1 -2.022 · PC2 -2.424PC1 -2.42 · PC2 0.487PC1 -2.239 · PC2 1.372PC1 -2.474 · PC2 -1.732PC1 -2.797 · PC2 0.9211PC1 1.929 · PC2 -2.06PC1 2.475 · PC2 -1.603PC1 8.669 · PC2 -1.752PC1 8.017 · PC2 -1.244PC1 8.888 · PC2 -2.871PC1 8.475 · PC2 -2.985PC1 9.034 · PC2 -1.53PC1 2.008 · PC2 0.002615PC1 1.744 · PC2 -2.355PC1 1.997 · PC2 -2.512PC1 0.6478 · PC2 -1.716PC1 0.5685 · PC2 -1.876PC1 0.6735 · PC2 0.1097PC1 4.064 · PC2 0.5894PC1 4.028 · PC2 -1.932PC1 4.852 · PC2 -0.1885PC1 2.251 · PC2 0.2588PC1 2.463 · PC2 -1.485PC1 2.427 · PC2 -1.808PC1 -1.041 · PC2 0.4468PC1 -0.9588 · PC2 -0.02019PC1 0.5218 · PC2 -1.148PC1 0.2507 · PC2 -1.561PC1 1.706 · PC2 0.9849PC1 -5.581 · PC2 -2.632PC1 -5.219 · PC2 -0.4663PC1 2.647 · PC2 -0.817PC1 1.06 · PC2 -1.268PC1 1.013 · PC2 2.072PC1 -1.67 · PC2 0.2289PC1 1.178 · PC2 -1.096PC1 -0.4392 · PC2 -1.136PC1 0.1524 · PC2 -0.9794PC1 5.082 · PC2 5.277PC1 1.082 · PC2 3.757PC1 -4.489 · PC2 -1.553PC1 -4.231 · PC2 2.14PC1 -3.869 · PC2 3.299PC1 -2.812 · PC2 2.57PC1 1.14 · PC2 -0.4738PC1 0.1211 · PC2 4.089PC1 0.1275 · PC2 -0.9494PC1 -0.1045 · PC2 4.028PC1 -0.3319 · PC2 3.087PC1 -0.7686 · PC2 3.216PC1 -0.9019 · PC2 -1.17PC1 -1.033 · PC2 2.547PC1 (62.7%)PC2 (17.4%)800 scores
PCA explained variance0%25%50%75%100%PC1: 59.1% (cumulative 59.1%)1PC2: 18.6% (cumulative 77.7%)2PC3: 17.9% (cumulative 95.6%)3PC4: 1.5% (cumulative 97.1%)4PC5: 0.9% (cumulative 98.0%)5PC6: 0.5% (cumulative 98.5%)6PC7: 0.4% (cumulative 98.9%)7PC8: 0.2% (cumulative 99.1%)8PC9: 0.2% (cumulative 99.3%)9PC10: 0.1% (cumulative 99.4%)10cumulative explained variancePC variancecumulativeprincipal component · cumulative (dashed)
X-Y spectral correlation 1
X · Individual spectral correlation-1-0.500.51absolute correlation envelopesigned correlationabsolute correlation2004006008001,0001,200|r|signed raxis · Pearson correlation scale
Targetmax |r|axis @ maxmean |r||r| ≥ .5
Individual0.07521,0480.04460.0%

Metric interpretation reference

Metric catalog 29
FamilleMétriqueCe qu’elle détecteForte valeur =Faible valeur =Causes typiquesCalcul / score
Intégrité des donnéesNaN ratioDonnées manquantesSpectre corrompuSpectre completErreur acquisition/exportcount(isnan(X)) / X.sizealert = min(1, nan_ratio / 0.05)
Intégrité des donnéesInf countValeurs infiniesCorruptionNormalCalculs invalidescount(isinf(X))alert = min(1, inf_count / 1)
Intégrité des donnéesZero ratioColonnes ou cellules nullesSpectre tronquéNormalExport, saturationcount(X == 0) / count(finite X)alert = min(1, zero_ratio / 0.05)
Amplitude globaleMean reflectanceNiveau moyenTrop clair / fond visibleTrop sombreFond, géométriemean(X finite)alert reuses baseline/shape drift because absolute reflectance ranges are technology-dependent
Amplitude globaleArea under curveIntensité globaleDifférence d'éclairementNormalDistance sondetrapezoid(mean_spectrum, spectral_axis)alert reuses baseline/shape drift because area scale depends on axis and units
Amplitude globalePeak-to-peak (PTP)DynamiqueVariabilité forteSpectre platSaturationmax(mean_spectrum) - min(mean_spectrum)alert increases when dynamic range is abnormally flat
Amplitude globaleVarianceVariabilité spectraleNormal ou hétérogèneSpectre platMauvais contactvar(X finite)alert increases when variance/dynamic range is abnormally flat
BruitNoise RMSBruit haute fréquenceBruitéStableLampe, détecteurmedian MAD(second derivative) * 1.4826 / sqrt(6)alert = noise_rms / signal_scale, saturated at 5%
BruitSNRQualité signalBon signalMauvais signalAcquisitionmean(abs(X)) / noise_rmsalert decreases with SNR dB; >=40 dB is treated as low alert
BruitBandwise SNRBruit localiséZone fiableZone problématiqueDétecteurmin(abs(mean_spectrum) / local second-derivative noise)alert decreases with worst-band SNR dB; >=35 dB is treated as low alert
Artefacts locauxSpike countPics étroitsArtefactsSpectre propreCosmic rays, splicecount robust outliers in second derivativealert follows spike_rate, saturated at 1%
Artefacts locauxSpike rateDensité de picsSpectre suspectNormalInterpolationspike_count / (n_samples * (n_features - 2))alert = min(1, spike_rate / 0.01)
Artefacts locauxJump countDiscontinuitésRaccord détecteurContinuSplicecount robust outliers in first derivativealert follows jump_rate, saturated at 1%
Artefacts locauxJump rateFréquence de sautsProblème spectralNormalCalibrationjump_count / (n_samples * (n_features - 1))alert = min(1, jump_rate / 0.01)
Artefacts locauxClip fractionSaturationClippingNormalDétecteur saturéfraction of finite cells equal to repeated min/max extremaalert = min(1, clip_fraction / 0.01)
Forme spectraleBaseline slopePente globaleDériveStableÉclairementlinear slope of mean_spectrum over normalized axisalert = abs(slope / signal_scale), saturated at 0.5
Forme spectraleCurvature RMSCourbureForme inhabituelleLisseFond, splicemedian RMS(second derivative per spectrum)alert = curvature_rms / signal_scale, saturated at 1%
Forme spectraleD1 RMSVariabilité localeSpectre structuréPlatBiologie ou artefactmedian RMS(first derivative per spectrum)alert = d1_rms / signal_scale, saturated at 5%
Outliers multivariésPCA Q (SPE)Non expliqué par PCASpectre atypiqueConformeArtefact, mélangep95(Q/SPE residual) / median(Q/SPE residual)alert = min(1, pca_q_ratio / 8)
Outliers multivariésHotelling T²Extrême dans PCAExtrême mais cohérentCentralVariabilité naturellep95(Hotelling T2) / median(Hotelling T2)alert = min(1, hotelling_t2_ratio / 8)
Outliers multivariésMahalanobis HDistance au nuageOutlier globalPopulation normaleDomaine différentp95(sqrt(T2)) / median(sqrt(T2))alert = min(1, mahalanobis_h_ratio / 4)
Comparaison à référenceRMS to mean spectrumDistance moyenneSpectre différentTypiqueDomain shiftp95 RMS distance to dataset mean spectrumalert = RMS_p95 / signal_scale, saturated at 25%
Comparaison à référenceSpectral Angle Mapper (SAM)Différence de formeForme différenteSimilaireFond, géométriep95 spectral angle to dataset mean spectrumalert = min(1, SAM_p95 / 0.35 rad)
RépétabilitéRMS intra-IDReproductibilitéMauvaise répétabilitéStablePositionnementmedian RMS distance to repeated-sample centroidalert = RMS_intra_ID / signal_scale, saturated at 10%
RépétabilitéSAM intra-IDVariation de formeInstableStableAcquisitionmedian SAM to repeated-sample centroidalert = min(1, SAM_intra_ID / 0.15 rad)
RépétabilitéCV intra-IDVariabilité interneMauvais contrôleStableOpérateurmedian within-ID band CValert = min(1, CV_intra_ID / 0.25)
Structure du datasetPCA score densityClustersSous-populationsHomogèneLots différents1 / median kNN distance in PCA score spacealert follows density_cv/profile structure complexity, not raw density alone
Structure du datasetLocal Outlier Factor (LOF)Anomalie localeSpectre isoléPopulation normaleCas raresp95 approximate LOF from PCA-score kNN distancesalert = min(1, max(0, LOF_p95 - 1) / 2)
Structure du datasetIsolation Forest scoreAnomalie globaleSpectre atypiqueNormalDiverses causesp95 IsolationForest anomaly score on PCA scoresalert follows structure complexity; raw score is implementation-dependent
Technology-specific extensions
TechnologieAdaptations / métriquesAnomalies cibléesCommentaire pratique
UV-Vis 300-1000 nmBaseline, pente globale, dérive aux bords 300-350 et 900-1000; métriques par zonesLumière parasite, mauvais blanc, saturation, faible signal aux extrémitésLes bords sont souvent instables; calculer aussi des scores edge/middle.
UV-Vis 300-1000 nmSaturation / clipping proche absorbance max ou réflectance maxSignal écrêtéTrès important si absorption forte.
UV-Vis 300-1000 nmRed-edge, position de maximum, ratios de bandes si végétalDécalage biologique ou artefact optiqueAide à distinguer changement réel et problème d'acquisition.
UV-Vis 300-1000 nmSmoothness / roughness indexBruit haute fréquenceSouvent plus informatif que le SNR seul.
MIR / ATR-FTIRATR contact quality index: intensité globale, aire totale, profondeur des bandes clésMauvais contact cristal-échantillonCrucial: beaucoup d'anomalies viennent du contact ATR.
MIR / ATR-FTIRCO2 / H2O atmospheric bandsMauvaise correction atmosphériquePics parasites fréquents.
MIR / ATR-FTIRBaseline curvature / rubber-band residualDiffusion, contact, dérive baselineTrès utile avant PCA.
MIR / ATR-FTIRPeak position shiftMauvais alignement spectral / calibrationImportant en FTIR car de petits shifts comptent.
MIR / ATR-FTIRBand area ratios sur bandes connuesSpectre chimiquement incohérentÀ adapter par matrice: polysaccharides, protéines, lipides, etc.
HS-MSTotal Ion Current (TIC), Base Peak Intensity (BPI)Injection faible, ionisation instableÉquivalent MS du niveau global spectral.
HS-MSNombre de pics détectésSpectre pauvre ou trop bruitéTrop peu = mauvais signal; trop = bruit/contamination.
HS-MSMass accuracy / m/z driftProblème calibration masseFondamental en HRMS.
HS-MSRetention time drift si LC/GC-MSDérive chromatographiqueÀ suivre sur standards/QC pools.
HS-MSBlank contamination scoreContaminants / carry-overComparer échantillons vs blancs.
HS-MSInternal standard CVVariabilité instrumentaleTrès robuste si standards disponibles.
HS-MSMissingness par featureInstabilité de détectionCrucial pour filtrer les variables.
Avec répétitionsRMS intra-échantillonRépétabilité globaleApplicable à toutes les technologies.
Avec répétitionsSAM / corrélation intra-échantillonRépétabilité de formeTrès utile pour spectres.
Avec répétitionsCV intra-échantillon par bande / featureRépétabilité localeDétecte les zones instables.
Avec répétitionsICC ou variance componentsPart variance échantillon vs techniqueTrès utile si plusieurs répétitions par sample.
Avec répétitionsDistance au centroïde intra-IDRépétition aberrantePermet de flagger la mauvaise répétition plutôt que le sample entier.
Bug-hunting / supervised audits
Famille de bug potentielMéthodes à ajouterCe que ça détecteÉtat dans l’explorateur
Shift spectral globalCorrélation spectre moyen inter-dataset, DTW, cross-correlation, comparaison positions de picsDécalage en longueur d'onde, mauvais alignement, interpolation différentePartiellement calculé: cross-correlation lag et dispersion des positions de pics vs spectre moyen.
Baseline / offset / gainRégression chaque spectre vs spectre moyen: x = a + b ref + residual; suivi de a, b, RMS résiduelOffset additif, effet multiplicatif, dérive de baselineCalculé dans reference.affine_*.
Mélange de lignes / mauvais appariement X-M-YVérification index, hash des lignes, duplication ID, distance spectrale intra-ID, labels incohérentsLignes mélangées, metadata mal alignées, Y attribué au mauvais spectrePartiellement couvert par répétabilité intra-ID; checks index/hash à ajouter au pipeline canonical.
Fuite d'information / répétitions mal splitéesGroupKFold par sample_id vs StratifiedKFold random; audit des partitions par sample_idPerformance artificiellement bonne due aux répétitionsNécessite splits et benchmark modèle; non calculé par la carte descriptive.
Label bugsÉchantillons proches en X mais Y différents, confident learning, erreurs systématiques FP/FNY inversés, erreurs de saisie, classes ambiguësNécessite Y et/ou modèle; recommandé pour l'explorateur supervisé.
Sous-domaines cachésPCA/UMAP/t-SNE + clustering non supervisé + association avec dataset/Y/date/operatorLots, campagnes, sondes, backgrounds non renseignésPartiellement calculé par structure PCA/LOF; UMAP/t-SNE hors carte statique.
Artefacts localisés inconnusCarte wavelength x dataset: différence moyenne, différence variance, KS par longueur d'ondeRégions spectrales anormales non anticipéesÀ calculer au niveau banque quand plusieurs datasets partagent un axe spectral.
Ruptures instrumentalesDiscontinuités dans dérivées, changepoint detectionSplice, raccord détecteur, saut local non prévuCalculé par jump/spike rates; changepoint plus avancé à ajouter.
Mélange / contamination spectraleNMF / unmixing / reconstruction par convex hullComposante externe: fond, plastique, solNon calculé automatiquement; nécessite hypothèses de composants ou grande bibliothèque.
Features instables mais prédictivesImportance modèle vs instabilité QC par variableModèle qui apprend un artefact plutôt qu'un signal biologiqueNécessite modèle supervisé; recommandé pour rapports de benchmark.

Variables

Targets 3

Genus

target · categorical
Genus classesPiceaPicea: 580580PopulusPopulus: 580580LarixLarix: 290290PinusPinus: 290290
n / missing2,550 / 810
Classes4
Balance (entropy)0.96
Imbalance ratio2
Top classPicea (580)

Species

target · categorical
Species classeslaricinalaricina: 290290marianamariana: 290290banksianabanksiana: 290290tremuloidestremuloides: 290290balsamiferabalsamifera: 290290glaucaglauca: 290290
n / missing2,550 / 810
Classes6
Balance (entropy)1
Imbalance ratio1
Top classlaricina (290)

Individual

target · numeric
Individual distribution02004006001 – 1.167: 5101.167 – 1.333: 01.333 – 1.5: 01.5 – 1.667: 01.667 – 1.833: 01.833 – 2: 02 – 2.167: 5102.167 – 2.333: 02.333 – 2.5: 02.5 – 2.667: 02.667 – 2.833: 02.833 – 3: 03 – 3.167: 5103.167 – 3.333: 03.333 – 3.5: 03.5 – 3.667: 03.667 – 3.833: 03.833 – 4: 04 – 4.167: 5104.167 – 4.333: 04.333 – 4.5: 04.5 – 4.667: 04.667 – 4.833: 04.833 – 5: 51012345
n / missing2,550 / 0
Mean ± SD3 ± 1.41
Median3
Range1 – 5
CV0.471
Skew / kurtosis0 / -1.3
Normal?no

Metadata 3

date

metadata · categorical
date classes2015072120150721: 45452015072420150724: 45452015072820150728: 45452015072920150729: 45452015081120150811: 45452015081220150812: 45452015082720150827: 45452015083120150831: 45452015091120150911: 45452015092320150923: 4545+10 more+10 more: 450450
n / missing2,550 / 0
Classes58
Balance (entropy)1
Imbalance ratio2
Top class20150721 (45)

species

metadata · categorical
species classeslaricinalaricina: 290290marianamariana: 290290banksianabanksiana: 290290tremuloidestremuloides: 290290balsamiferabalsamifera: 290290glaucaglauca: 290290
n / missing2,550 / 810
Classes6
Balance (entropy)1
Imbalance ratio1
Top classlaricina (290)

genus

metadata · categorical
genus classesPiceaPicea: 580580PopulusPopulus: 580580LarixLarix: 290290PinusPinus: 290290
n / missing2,550 / 810
Classes4
Balance (entropy)0.96
Imbalance ratio2
Top classPicea (580)
Constant metadata 20
  • ecosis_resource_id121ea0c1-b3b1-4502-95a1-d13fae6d1323
  • latitude53.53
  • longitude-113.5
  • coordinate_precision_notessource-provided coordinates when available
  • year2,016
  • plant_partCanopy
  • canopy_or_leafcanopy
  • instrumentPP System Unispec DC
  • acquisition_modeProximal
  • signal_typereflectance
  • axis_unitnm
  • axis_min350
  • axis_max1,130
  • n_points_original781
  • publication_doi10.21232/aY2V7zCr | 10.21232/dep7jvyq | 10.3390/rs9070691
  • citationRan Wang, Kyle R. Springer and John A. Gamon. 2016. Canopy spectra of boreal tree species from Alberta potted tree experiment. Data set. Available on-line [http://ecosis.org] from the Ecological Spectral Information System (EcoSIS). 10.21232/aY2V7zCr
  • licenseCreative Commons Attribution Share-Alike
  • rights_statusexplicit_open
  • usage_scopepublic_reuse_possible
  • notesEcoSIS package canopy-spectra-of-boreal-tree-species-from-alberta-potted-tree-experiment, no interpolation applied by project.

4 variable(s) omitted (no recorded values).

Alignment

Alignment levelobservation
Sample id availableyes
Samples2,550
Observations (total)2,550
Reps per samplemin 1 · mean 1 · max 1

Provenance & citation

ContributorCanopy spectra of boreal tree species from Alberta potted tree experiment
Origin · url [open]https://data.ecosis.org/dataset/canopy-spectra-of-boreal-tree-species-from-alberta-potted-tree-experiment
Origin · script [manual]source_to_standard.py — standardization script (maintainer-only)
Publication10.3390/rs9070691 — Parallel Seasonal Patterns of Photosynthesis, Fluorescence, and Reflectance Indices in Boreal Trees
Publication10.21232/aY2V7zCr — Canopy spectra of boreal tree species from Alberta potted tree experiment
Publication10.21232/dep7jvyq

Governance & integrity

Tierpublic
LicenseCC-BY-SA-4.0
Permitted useResearch and benchmarking.
Access policyOpen per source license.
RedistributionEcoSIS CKAN metadata exposes an open license.
Content version1.0.0
Schema / protocol2.0
Content hashec25a5d796d9197d…
Processing hash72a57f9701c463ce…
Metadata hashe9f4397f54c3957f…

Load this dataset

# pip install nirs4all-datasets
from nirs4all_datasets import get

ds = get("ecosis_canopy_spectra_of_boreal_tree_species_from_alberta_pott_reflectance_nirs")            # DOI-pinned, checksum-verified, cached
X, y = ds.x(), ds.y()
print(X.shape, y.shape)
card.jsoncroissant.jsonIdentity metadata only — the dataset bytes live at the origin / DOI.